Social Science History Chapter 8 Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation CLASS 8
BY KRISHAN KUMAR
Question 1.Match the following:
ANSWER
Question 2.
State whether true or false
- James Mill was a severe critic of the Orientalists.
- The 1854 Despatch on education was in favour of English being introduced as a medium of higher education in India.
- Mahatma Gandhi thought that the promotion of literacy was the most important aim of education.
- Rabindranath Tagore felt that children ought to be subjected to strict discipline.
Answer:
- True
- True
- False
- False
Question 3.
Why did William Jones feel the need to study Indian history, philosophy and law?
Answer:
- William Jones came to represent a particular attitude towards India. He shared a deep respect for ancient cultures, both of India and of the West.
- Jones and Colebrooke felt that India had attained its glory in the ancient past. It declined later on. In order to understand India, it was necessary to discover the sacred and legal texts produced in the past.
- These texts would reveal the ideas and laws of Hindus and Muslims and would form the basis of future development.
- Jones and Colebrooke believed that their project would help the British learn from Indian culture. Indians would also rediscover their own heritage. In this way the British would become guardians and masters of Indian culture.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 8 Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 8 Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 8 Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation
Question 1.
Match the following:
Answer:
Question 2.
State whether true or false
- James Mill was a severe critic of the Orientalists.
- The 1854 Despatch on education was in favour of English being introduced as a medium of higher education in India.
- Mahatma Gandhi thought that the promotion of literacy was the most important aim of education.
- Rabindranath Tagore felt that children ought to be subjected to strict discipline.
Answer:
- True
- True
- False
- False
Question 3.
Why did William Jones feel the need to study Indian history, philosophy and law?
Answer:
- William Jones came to represent a particular attitude towards India. He shared a deep respect for ancient cultures, both of India and of the West.
- Jones and Colebrooke felt that India had attained its glory in the ancient past. It declined later on. In order to understand India, it was necessary to discover the sacred and legal texts produced in the past.
- These texts would reveal the ideas and laws of Hindus and Muslims and would form the basis of future development.
- Jones and Colebrooke believed that their project would help the British learn from Indian culture. Indians would also rediscover their own heritage. In this way the British would become guardians and masters of Indian culture.
Question 4.
Why did James Mill and Thomas Macaulay think that European education was essential in India?
Answer:
- James Mill was the strongest critic of the Orientalists.
- He declared that the British should not teach what the natives wanted, or what they respected, in order to please them and “win a place in their heart”.
- The £pm of education should be to teach what was useful and practical.
- Indians should be made familiar with the scientific and technical advances that the West had made, and not the sacred literature of the Orient.
- Macaulay urged the British government in India to stop wasting public money in promoting Oriental learning, for it had no practical use.
- He felt that knowledge of English would allow Indians to read some of the finest literature the world had produced; it would make them aware of the developments in Western science and philosophy.
Question 5.
Why did Mahatma Gandhi want to teach children handicrafts?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi wanted to teach children handicraft because of the following reasons:
- People would work with their hands.
- The craft would develop their minds.
- It would also develop their capacities to understand.
Question 6.
Why did Mahatma Gandhi think that English education had enslaved Indians?
Answer:
- According to Mahatma Gandhi, colonial education created a sense of inferiority in the minds of Indians. He said it made them see Western civilisation as superior which destroyed the pride they had in their own culture.
He said: It was sinful—it enslaved Indians—it cast an evil spell on them. - Charmed by the West, appreciating everything that came from the West, Indians educated in these institutions admired British rule.
- Mahatma Gandhi wanted an education that could help Indians recover their sense of dignity and self-respect.
- Mahatma Gandhi -strongly was in favour of Indian languages to be the medium of teaching.
- Education in English crippled Indians and distanced them from their own social surroundings. This made them “straneers in their own lands”. Speaking a foreign tongue (language) despised local culture.
- Mahatma Gandhi further said that western education focused on reading and writing rather than oral knowledge;
- It valued textbooks rather than life experience and practical knowledge.
Civilising the Native, Educating the Nation Class 8 MCQs Questions with Answers
Choose the correct answer:
Question 1.
William Jones was a linguist because
(a) he had studied Greek and Latin
(b) he knew French and English
(c) he had learnt Persian
(d) all of these
Answer
Answer: (d) all of these
Question 2.
Who set up Asiatic Society of Bengal?
(a) William Jones
(b) Henry Thomas Colebrooke
(c) Nathaniel Halhed
(d) All of these
Answer
Answer: (d) All of these
Question 3.
Madrasa was set up ip, Calcutta in the year
(a) 1750
(b) 1761
(c) 1771
(d) 1781
Answer
Answer: (d) 1781
Question 4.
According to whom, “English education had enslaved Indians”?
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose
(d) Aacharya Vinoba Bhave
Answer
Answer: (b) Mahatma Gandhi
Question 5.
The Education Act was introduced in the year
(a) 1850
(b) 1835
(c) 1910
(d) 1900
Answer
Answer: (b) 1835
Question 6.
Asiatick Researches (Journal) was NOT started by
(a) William jones
(b) Henry Thomas Colebrooke
(c) Nathaniel Halhed
(d) William Carey
Answer
Answer: (d) William Carey
Question 7.
Study of which of the following was NOT the purpose of setting up Madrasa in Calcutta in 1781?
(a) Arabic
(b) Sanskrit
(c) Persian
(d) Islamic laws
Answer
Answer: (b) Sanskrit
Question 8.
Who was Charles Wood?
(а) The President of the Board of Control of the Company
(b) e Commissioner of the Board of Control of the Company
(c) An Educationist
(d) Nonp of the above
Answer
Answer: (а) The President of the Board of Control of the Company
Question 9.
The English Education Act was passed
(a) to materialise Macaulay’s thinking
(b) to make the English the medium of instruction for higher education
(c) to stop the promotion of oriental institutions
(d) all of the above
Answer
Answer: (d) all of the above
Question 10.
What type of school did Tagore want to set up?
(a) Where the child was happy
(b) Where he/she could be free and creative
(c) He/she was able to explore her own thoughts and desire
(d) All of the above
Answer
Answer: (d) All of the above
Question 11.
Who said these “Education means all round drawing out of the best in child and man- body, mind and spirit”?
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (b) Mahatma Gandhi
Match the following:
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Linguist | (a) A person who can read, write and teach persian. |
| (ii) Orientalists | (b) A local language. |
| (iii) Munshi | (c) A place of learning. |
| (iv) Vernacular | (d) An order brought from England to India by Wood. |
| (v) Wood’s Despatch | (e) A person who knows and studies several languages. |
| (vi) Pathshalas | (f) People who have scholarly knowledge of the language and culture of Asia. |
Answer
Answer:
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Linguist | (e) A person who knows and studies several languages. |
| (ii) Orientalists | (f) People who have scholarly knowledge of the language and culture of Asia. |
| (iii) Munshi | (a) A person who can read, write and teach persian. |
| (iv) Vernacular | (b) A local language. |
| (v) Wood’s Despatch | (d) An order brought from England to India by Wood. |
| (vi) Pathshalas | (c) A place of learning. |
State whether true or false:
1. Mahatma Gandhi was the promotor of English language.
Answer
Answer: False
2. William Jones had a respect for ancient cultures.
Answer
Answer: True
3. Thomas Macaulay thought that European education was necessary in India.
Answer
Answer: True
4. William Carey had an appointment as a Supreme Court Judge.
Answer
Answer: False
5. Hindu College was set up at Banaras to encourage the study of ancient Hindi texts,
Answer
Answer: False
6. William Adam was a Scottish missionary.
Answer
Answer: True
Fill in the blanks:
1. Mahatma Gandhi favoured ………………….. languages as a medium of instruction.
Answer
Answer: Indian
2. Williani Jones had ………………….. for Indian ancient cultures.
Answer
Answer: respect
3. Charles Wood emphasised the practical benefits of a system of ………………….. learnings.
Answer
Answer: European
4. ………………….. started the Santiniketan in 1901.
Answer
Answer: Rabindra Nath Tagore
5. According to Adam’s report there were over 1 lakh ………………….. in Bengal and Bihar.
Answer
Answer: Pathshalas
1.State the recommendations of the Wood’s Despatch.
Solution:
The Wood’s Despatch recommendations were:-
1. An education department was to be set in every province.
2. Universities on the model of the London University be established in big cities such as Bombay, Calcutta and Madras.
3. At least one government school be opened in every district.
4. Affiliated private schools should be given grant in aid.
5. The Indian natives should be given training in their mother tongue also.
2.What was the outcome of the Wood’s despatch?
Solution:
In accordance with Wood’s Despatch, Education Departments were established in every province and universities were opened at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras in 1857 and in Punjab in 1882 and at Allahabad 1887. Attempts were also made to bring about changes within the system of school education.
3.What were Tagore’s ideas on education?
Solution:
Tagore felt that childhood ought to be a time of self-learning, outside the rigid and restricting discipline of the schooling system set up by the British. Teachers had to be imaginative, understand the child, and help the child develop her curiosity. The natural desire of the child to be creative should be encouraged. Tagore felt that creative learning could be encouraged only within a natural environment. Living in harmony with nature, children could cultivate their natural creativity.
Question 1.
Define the term linguist.
Answer:
Linguist is someone who knows and studies several languages.
Question 2.
What was main aim behind establishing Hindu College in Benaras in 1791?
Answer:
Hindu College was established to encourage the study of ancient Sanskrit texts that would be useful for the administration of the country.
Question 3.
What is meant by an Orientalist?
Answer:
Orientalists were those who were having scholarly knowledge of the language and culture of Asia.
Question 4.
How did Thomas Babington Macaulay see India?
Answer:
He saw India as an uncivilized country that needed to be civilized.
Question 5.
Why was the English Education Act introduced and in which year?
Answer:
Following Macaulay’s minute, the English Education Act of 1835 was introduced.
Question 6.
Who toured the districts of Bengal and Bihar in 1830’s?
Answer:
In 1830’s William Adam, a Scottish missionary toured the districts of Bengal and Bihar.
Question 7.
When did the Company decide about improving the system of vernacular education?
Answer:
After 1854, the Company decided to improve the system of vernacular education.
Question 8.
Name the institution established by Rabindranath Tagore.
Answer:
‘Santiniketan’ was established by Rabindranath Tagore in 1901.
Question 9.
Who was William John.
Answer:
William Jones was appointed as Junior Judge at the supreme court of company.
Question 10.
Which languages were learnt by William Jones?
Answer:
Greek, Latin, French and English.
Question 11.
By whom was the Asiatic society of Bengal was setup?
Answer:
By William Jones.
Question 12.
From whom did William Johns learnt Sanskrit language?
Answer:
The Pandits.
Question 13.
In which year was Madarsa setup in Calcutta?
Answer:
In 1781.
Question 14.
When was the Hindu college Benaras was established?
Answer:
In 1791.
Question 15.
Who emphasized on teaching of English language in manner of civilizing, changing the taste values and cultures of the Indians?
Answer:
Lord Macaulay.
Question 16.
When was the English Education act introduced?
Answer:
In 1835.
Question 17.
Who was William Carey.
Answer:
William Carey was a Scottish missionary.
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